Image representation of Women in Magazines (which are targeted to Dissertation

Image representation of Women in Magazines (which are targeted to University Students) - Dissertation Example1 Afghan Girl 4.3 Fig. 2 She looks spoiled 4.4 Fig. 3 quite an a Pear 4.5 Fig. 4 Wad 4.6 Fig. 5 Keep on Dreaming of a Better World 4.7. Fig. 6 Its nice to confirm a girl around the house 4.8 Fig. 7 Dove Advertising 4.9 Fig. 8 Twiggy 4.10 Fig. 9 Do Men Hate Fat Women? 4.11 Fig. 10. dolce and Gabbana Advertisement 4.12 Summary 5.0 Chapter Five Discussion List of Figures References Appendices Abstract The research that was conducted for this postulate concerns the images in the media and their influence over women of university level age. Images in the media take up been shown to have a advocateful influence over the body image of young women, affecting their self esteem and their development of identity (Cash, Cash, and Butters 1983 Catterall, Maclaran, and Stevens 2000). In a study that discussed the responses to ten different images in a group setting with twelve women, t he phenomenon of the way in which women experience influences by media images gave a new dimension done responses, both expected and unexpected. Broken into five chapters, this qualitative study examines the nature of media images and the impact that they have on society. Chapter One Introduction The effect of the representation of women in media through both photojournalism and fashion photography acts as a catalyst to emotional responses which have helped to frame the way in which women see themselves as members of western culture. The issues of body image, self, and identity are often manipulated by the media as women grow from childhood through adolescence. The influences that media imposes upon women can often lead to issues such as anorexia, bulimia, provide (binge eating disorder), and other medically dangerous conditions. Objectification of women has now begun to shift to subjectification, leading women into a world where they must now be the aggressive sexual being, rat her than the passive object. Through research conducted using images and the discussion of twelve women who were put into a focus group the concepts of image and self is explored through the information collected within the interview process. In a qualitative study of the emotional responses to women when a story or suggested interpretation of images was interjected, the concept of trend is also explored as it relates to the interpretation of the responses to the images. This type of research helps in understanding the way in which images influence the direction of how women perceive beauty and how they are positioned within the discourse of attractiveness. The power of photo imagery in contemporary discourse has influenced culture, making changes in the concept of beauty and normalcy. 1.1Background The objectification of women is not a new concept. However, the ways in which images of women have been formulated to specifically associate women as objects as an everyday occurrence i s a part of the information age. As advertising has become a cycling of images through television, the internet, and print media such as magazines, the concept of female is habitually stripped of its identity and reformulated into creatures of otherness, usable objects of the imagination. An example of this can be seen in Fig. 3, women are morphed with objects, redefined as something consumable as indicated in Fig. 4, and objects of manipulation as seen in Fig. 4. The nature

Module participants' are required to produce a structured reflection Essay

Module participants are required to produce a structured reflection on their own person-to-person group experiences. A structured ref - Essay ExampleAnd it is generalisations that allow new situations to be tackled effectively.(Gibbs 1988) The following essay presents a reflection of my experiences in a group assignment undertook as part of a Cross Cultural Issues module. On reflection I realise that, during the project, our group went through Tuckmans (1965) four-spot stages of group development. namely Forming, Storming, Norming and Performing. During the formation process, several issues arose which resulted in lack of critical analysis on the research, and unsystematic decision making within the group. In this constitution I am going use Gibbs (1988) model of reflection in order to look at the issues and to find solutions to overcome the problems in future. This evaluation is the initiatory step in ascertaining how my beliefs and assumptions as well as my background and exper iences may impact on my future organisational functioning as I search for a career in management. I will use cognitive complexity (Bieri 1955) by utilising a wide variety of theories of practice to support my reflection. Figure Gibbs pensive model 1 Contents Page 1 Abstract.....................................................................................................2 2 Contents page...........................................................................................3 3 Introduction...............................................................................................4 4 Problem & context....................................................................................4 5 Self-awareness..........................................................................................5 6 Evaluation..................................................................................................6 7 Analysis................................................................. .....................................9 8 Conclusion................................................................................................10 9 Action plan................................................................................................11 10 Appendix...................................................................................................13 11 Bibliography.............................................................................................14 12 Reference list...........................................................................................17 1 Introduction Diversity in the workplace has taken on new importance (Thomas 2004) as changing economic circumstances prompt many companies to downsize and restructure themselves into flatter, more decentralized entities. The result is that todays corporations are built around groups that must find answers to legend and complicated business issues. These teams bring together diverse groups of pe ople who incorporate a variety of backgrounds, ideas, and personalities. A reflection on my study would provide of the essence(p) bearing for me in preparation for workplace dynamics. 1 Problem & context As part of the Cross Cultural issues module, we had to prepare a group debut based on a critical analysis of the cross cultural issues a UK based firm would encounter establishing an Indian subsidiary. My diverse group of sextette comprised of three females one British (X), one Polish (Y) and one Brazilian (Z). and three males two British (J and A) and one Zimbabwean

Theories And Models Of Learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Theories And Models Of Learning - Essay ExampleThis is the theory of learning that focuses on things that can be seen and does not put into account any mental activities. It is exactly concerned with learned behavior whether it is through experience or through watching. Proponents of this theory believe that people can learn more from external stimuli than if they argon actively involved in the process. Learning is acquiring new behavior and behaviorists describe this as learn. There are two types of conditioning that explain the causal agency as to why both human beings and animals are taught or learn to do certain things. The first type is classical conditioning where there is a reinforcement of a natural reflex or another type of behavior that happens as a result of exposure to a stimulus. Operant conditioning, on the other hand, is the reinforcement of behavior by rewarding it. Every time a particular behavior is practiced, the participant is given a reward. Operant conditioni ng is the most important type of behaviorist learning and is seen as more powerful than classical conditioning. Just as the way positive behavior is reinforced, so is negative behavior. Negative behavior is discouraged by immediate punishment. For instance, the monkeys that were kept in a cage and every time they tried to reach out(a) for the banana, they were electrocuted. With time, they all restrained from reaching out for the banana no matter how enticing it was.Humanists focus mostly on human beings and emphasize on issues of in-person choice, creativity, and spontaneity of an individual.

MOVE Philadelphia Bombing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

MOVE Philadelphia Bombing - Research Paper ExampleAs such(prenominal) the news media plays a fundamental role in helping an individual understand each of these complex interpersonal and societal dynamics. Due to the history of incline and class oppression in the United States, an overwhelming racial tension and undercurrent of class struggle exists at almost every level of American society. When groups that have suffered from the medias bias, such as African Americans, have taken up cause and struggled against their portrayal in the media, they have been met with an even more war-ridden media bias. Because of this, negative racial perceptions of African-Americans and black activism have been far more prevalent than those that exist within white activist individuals or communities. The MOVE bombing in Philadelphia shows the distinction in treatment and representation of black activists, both for their tactics and their presentation. In the aftermath of the MOVE bombing, those respo nsible downplayed the racial undertones of the decision to bomb the activist. save in a culture where racism is accepted in action but denounced in public, political projects such as the bombing of MOVE, Overtly fill to hold colorblind views, (but they) covertly manipulate racial fears in order to achieve political gains. (Omni & Winant 58). ... t even though the civil rights era had begun a teeming 30 years previously, United States officials and the society at large, was still very much afraid of the perceived threat of black nationalism, black activism, black terrorism, and whatever other activism carried out by African-Americans (King & Smith 79). As such, the response to almost any form of black activism, crime, drug usage, or any other illegal, or conceivably illegal, activity was extreme to say the least. For years, pundits and political analysts have pointed to the unjust treatment of African-Americans under the criminal justice system of the United States. The violent reply to the Philadelphia MOVE community was one that can only be understood as a response motivated primarily by racial fear, suspicion, and a great deal of prejudice and preconceived notions with respect to the way in which this particular group was expected to behave. Ultimately, the events that took place in 1985, with regards to the Philadelphia MOVE group, helps to illustrate the disparity between the way in which black separatism and white separatism was treated. For instance, an individual who might have espoused a radical ideology that promoted rabid antigovernment views and promoted a degree of racial discord and white supremacy would not likely have been engaged in the same manner that the individuals of the Philadelphia MOVE group were treated. Interestingly, a complete and thorough analysis of the incident up to and including the bombing of this group denotes the fact that even though a high percentage of the groups members were in fact African-American, a unique level of black separatism, racism, and other racial motivations existed in the media portrayal of this incident. However, the lack of evidence for this media

Personal Skills and Self Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Personal Skills and Self Management - Essay ExampleHaving started my career at the ANZ Banking Group about 14 years ago as an operator of Grade 2, I have progressed in my field and am now serving in the ANZ as Level 3 Supervisor in spite of appearance the Loan subroutine Department. I hope to progress further and become the Operation State Manager in ANZ and get placed in home C. The Operation State Manager manages two teams in the Institutional Loan Division. This includes 13 workers and 5 business units. The fact that the Operation State Manager has to opt care of the business units in addition to the workers increases and complicates his duties manifolds. He is also expected to achieve the goals of higher management and meet stakeholder expectations. Duties of the Operation State Manager advise be fundamentally classified into the four universally known functions of management namely planning, organizing, leading and controlling. One of the almost in-chief(postnominal) skil ls required of a Operation State Manager is chat because he has to interact with hundreds of people on daily basis. The word of Operation State Manager means a chaw to them. ... If I am to become the Operation State Manager later in my career, it is imperative that I concentrate on improving my communication skills. For that, I would need to gain a good understanding of different styles of communication for use in different kinds of situations. There are four basic styles of communication namely assertive, aggressive, passive, and passive-aggressive. A motorcoach has to see which style fits a particular situation. I also have to analyze the barriers to effective communication. Nevertheless, the manager needs to be more assertive in his communication because it promotes understanding and diffuses anger. ANZ defines leadership characteristics as supportive for the organizational culture. Hence, in order to be a successful manager In ANZ, I would need to conduct thorough analysis of the organizational culture, aims and objectives and accord my leadership qualities with them. The Operation State Manager at ANZ is necessarily a role model for the subordinates and they acquire motivation for him. Therefore, I would need to learn how to motivate employees. I would need to conduct a detailed literature reexamination to identify the factors that serve as the biggest source of motivation for the workforce. Such factors include but may not be limited to money, promotion, paid leave and added privileges. It is important for me to optimize my own leadership skills instead of trying to copy other leaders because I believe that effective leadership originates in original constitution rather than an artificial one. I expect myself to be ready for this position in the next 3-5 years. Communication and conflict resolution are two of the most fundamental aspects of my current capabilities

Storm Chasers in Tornado Alley Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Storm Chasers in Tornado Alley - Research composition ExampleStorm chasing in Tornado Alley is a dangerous, thrilling and awe inspiring activity assisted by modern technology just now the risks taken is well rewarded by the information gained, which is a significant contri exclusivelyion to the field of studying pressures.1. The storm chasers experience of studying storms in Tornado AlleyThe experience of chasing Tornado in the Tornado Alley is a unique experience, the taste of which cannot be found anywhere else. On June 24, 2003 village of Manchester, South Dakota was hit by a Tornado . As the tornado was moving in its course, Tim Samaras and his storm chasing partner Pat Potter were in a van chasing that storm. It had all the equipments like probes which can measure the wind speed and its direction. Storm chasers Carsten Peter and Gene Rhodene were following the storm in another car. They had a pyramid-shaped probe, which they called Tinman, loaded with still cameras, solely ma de for the purpose of filming inside the tornado. The sound of the tornado was becoming more intense, as the tornado was only a hundred yards a sort from them. As the storm was approaching, Tim managed to deposit a probe, scurried to his car and could entrance the debris roaring above them while they were speeding away (Vesilind 1). afterwards several(prenominal) clipping they stopped their cars again. Carsten and Gene hauled their Tinman and activated the cameras, while Tim was dropping another turtle. It was appearing now that the storm was chasing the team rather than the team chasing the storm. The storm chasers could see two or three probes taking direct hits, but all of a sudden the previous ferocity and power of the tornado was lost as it changed and finally evaporated (Vesilind 2). Michael fish, an expert storm chaser has his own views about storm chasing in Tornado Alley2. Fish states, Storm chasing is an exhilarating but testing way to travel. You have to be prepared fo r long days, driving sometimes up to 600 miles, and endure hours of frustration (Fish). He and his team travelled for about 3,600 miles through Texas, Oklohoma and Kansas but could only locate a single funnel cloud, which cannot be called a tornado strictly. As described by him, a supercell start from a puberulent cumulus and transforms itself into a vast thunder cloud known a cumulo-nimbus. Consequently, the cloud formation is accompanied by sheets of rain, a green tinge when the number starts, increase in wind speed, drops in temperature, and the clouds starts to rotate above dipping towards the ground. This is the time to look for tornadoes (Fish). Despite Tornado Alleys reputation, the number of tornadoes in some years drops very low. Whereas, 1,304 tornadoes took place in 2009, killing 121 people by the end of June in that year, only one twister was seen in 2009 till June. This was harmful news for researchers like Burgess who were working on Vortex2, a funded project to stu dy tornadoes in May and June that year (Welte). 2. Methodology and equipments used for storm chasing in Tornado Alley Storm chasing requires usage of some sort of equipment,3 irrespective of the place where the chase is being carried on. Doppler radar is a system which has been devised long time ago and it has been used for studying storms. Doppler radar in comparison to other radars can also detect whether a storm is rotating and also the speed of the storm (Pine). Equipments vary with storm chasers but the common storm chasing equipments are usually

The Death Penalty, the American Public Opinion, and the Factors Essay

The Death Penalty, the American Public Opinion, and the Factors Affecting the Americans Position on the Death penalization - Essay ExampleHistorical crimes punishable by close in the U.S. were concealing birth, slave revolts, piracy, witchcraft, and guerrilla activity.1 In the late 1970s, lethal injection was developed as a more humane alternative than galvanizing chair, which had been the principal execution method in the United States for more than 7 decades.2 Under discretionary statutes, juries control decisions on the last declare of defendants which could result in arbitrary verdicts. This arbitrariness was ruled by the court as a violation of both the Eighth Amendments prohibition of cruel and unusual penalty and the 14th Amendments assurance of equal protection under the law. The constitutionality of crown punishment was questioned and the states stopped executions. In 1972, the Supreme Court decided to suspend the terminal penalty in all executing states. Four years after the 1972 decision, the court ruled that destruction penalty sentencing laws should include a set of bearing guidelines that would help judges and juries in deciding whether a death sentence is deserved and just. The amendments led to the death penaltys reinstatement in 1976. The court as well affirmed that the death sentence was constitutional under the Eighth Amendment.3 The Poll Trends Today, the American public opinion on the death penalty has only somewhat changed although with far less support than in the mid-1990s when public acceptance was at a remarkable climax. In a survey performed in November 9-14, 2011 by the church bench Research Center for the People & the Press and the Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life, in two thousand adults, 62% are in favour of the death penalty for persons convicted of murder spell 31% are opposed to it. In 1996, 78% favoured death penalty for murder offenders. Support for capital punishment then declined, dropped to 66% in 2001, 62% in 2005, and 58% in October 2011.4 In Gallups first survey about the death penalty in 1936, Are you in favour of the death penalty for a person convicted of murder? 59% recorded support and dropped to an unsurpassed decline of 42% in 1966, which was the first time there was more opposition than support over the 75-year course of the survey. Between 1970 and 1980, the support for capital punishment rose again and peaked in the mid-1990s.5 Factors That Might Change the Americans Position on the Death Penalty In some old analyses, it was recorded that not many death penalty supporters are influenced by information that death penalty is not a deterrent to crimes and that it is not cruel and unjust.6 On a recent study, 42% of respondents stated that a non-white defendant has higher probability of receiving the death sentence than a white defendant.7 In another study, 49% concurred that a black would more likely be sentenced to death than a white, and 67% agreed that a poor defendant wa s more likely to receive a death sentence than a non-poor.8 On a survey regarding deterrence issue, death penalty supporters were asked if they would still support capital punishment even if new substantiation confirms that it does not decrease the rate of murders. 69% to 73% of respondents affirmed their support.9 Incapacitation Prevents Murderers from Killing Again Life imprisonment without parole is an alternative that renders the death penalty unnecessary. From views, majority of the death penalty supporters consider incapacitation as a relatively insignificant concern. In the 1991 Gallup survey, merely 19% of supporters cited incapacitation (Keeps them from killing again) as a basis for their support, while 50% cited retribution (A life for a life).10 This result, nevertheless,